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AlphaGo背后的人脑

哈萨比斯喜欢玩人性随机性强的游戏。他赢过扑克锦标赛，并表示他喜欢这种游戏是因为选手们可能每步都正确，但仍会输掉比赛。他喜欢玩《外交》(Diplomacy)这款有着松散规则却精彩纷呈的游戏，在这款游戏中，选手们为了称霸世界，需要讨价还价、缔结联盟、互相背后捅刀子。

Go is the “holy grail” for AI. The game originated 2,500 years ago in China, is played by 40m people worldwide and has 1,000 professional players.

围棋是人工智能的“圣杯”。围棋在2500年前起源于中国，如今全世界有4000万人下围棋，有1000名专业选手。

“I know how to play Go well enough to be able to appreciate its beauty,” Mr Hassabis says. “But it is not one of the games I’m strong at, so I’ve not actually played AlphaGo myself as it surpassed my ability almost from the beginning.”

哈萨比斯表示：“我的围棋水平足以让我欣赏它的美。但围棋不是我的强项，因此我没有亲自与AlphaGo对弈过，因为几乎从一开始我就不是对手。”

Computers have long “solved” other games like backgammon and draughts. In 1997, IBM’s Deep Blue supercomputer beat Garry Kasparov, the then world chess champion. With Deep Blue, programmers built a system that tried to analyse every outcome of every possible move. But Go is far more complex than chess. There are more possible configurations on a Go board than atoms in the universe. This is too much information for even the most powerful supercomputer to process. Beating the best human player required an uNPRecedented technological breakthrough.