The first of these phases is the 'mechanical' phase (otherwise known as chewing).
第一阶段是“机械”阶段(也就是咀嚼)。
As the Reactions video explains, with normal foods 'your teeth and tongue work together to crush the food you eat into tiny bits.'
正如这个“反应视频”所解释的那样,进食普通食物时,你的牙齿和舌头协同工作,将你吃进去的食物嚼成小小的碎末。
Munching your food then triggers muscle movements which move the food through your digestive tract down to your stomach, where muscles 'churn your chewed up food with digestive juices.'
用力咀嚼食物带动肌肉运动,这会把食物通过食道运送到胃里,胃部肌肉“用胃酸搅拌你咀嚼过的食物”。
The second phase involves enzymes - biological catalysts which speed up chemical reactions - which are found in your saliva, stomach juices and intestines.
第二阶段涉及到酶,这是一种可以加速化学反应的生物催化剂。这些消化酶主要存在于唾液、胃液和小肠液中。
Enzymes 'kick start' the reactions to break down the food into its constituent parts, whether they are fats from foods such as cheese, carbohydrates from food such as pasta, or proteins from meat or nuts.
酶能“启动”这些反应,将食物分解为一些基本成分,比如从奶酪里分解出脂肪,从意大利面里分解出碳水化合物,或者从肉类、坚果类分解出蛋白质。
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