中国人口流动的决定因素_BEC初级作文

中国人口流动的决定因素

This is not the first time this has happened. Five years ago, under nearly identical circumstances, Foxconn was criticised for pulling in students to work overtime at Zhengzhou and other plants to produce the iPhone 5. In both cases, cheap overtime labour was needed to get Apple’s hot new product into stores before Christmas.

这种事情不是第一次发生。五年前就出现过几乎同样的一幕：富士康因在郑州等地的工厂使用学生加班生产iPhone 5而受到指责。在这两起事件中，为了赶在圣诞节前将苹果热销的新产品送上货架，富士康需要廉价且愿意加班的劳动力。

Foxconn opened the Zhengzhou plant in part because the Henan provincial government promised lower wage costs. No-one considered that workers had already left for places where wages are higher. When Foxconn and other manufacturers require sudden production peaks inland China’s lower wages do not attract enough temporary workers. Luckily for the companies, they can turn to the vocational technology schools, which function as concentrated pools of low-cost labour. Students can be paid less than the adult workforce. Moreover, students can be returned to “school” without an expensive lay-off process, since they were never formally “employees”.

富士康之所以在郑州开设工厂，部分原因是河南省政府承诺让其工资成本保持在较低水平。但没人想到，工人们大多都去了工资更高的地方。当富士康等制造商骤然需要达到生产峰值时，中国内陆地区较低的工资水平无法吸引到足够多的临时劳动力。幸运的是，这些企业可以从职业技术学校招人，那里是低成本劳动力的集中地。学生拿的工资低于成年劳动力。此外，企业无需支付高昂遣散费就可以让学生们返回“学校”，因为他们不是正式“雇员”。

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