There's a long-known relationship between cancer and sugar, but figuring out exactly how it works has proven elusive . Now, thanks to a nine-year research project, scientists have made a breakthrough.
甜食和癌症之间的关联性早已为人所知,但它发挥作用的机制却一直破朔迷离。幸而现在科学家们通过一项历时九年的研究,做出了突破性的进展。
They've narrowed down the mechanism whereby cancer cells metabolise sugar.
对癌症细胞如何代谢糖分这一谜题,研究者甄选出了一些可能性。
The focus of the new research was on a metabolic effect that has been understood for over 90 years.
这项新研究的着重点是癌症细胞的代谢功能,尽管人们知晓这种代谢功能已经90年了。
We know that almost all the cells in the human body require energy, and they derive this energy from the sugars in the food we eat. Cancer cells also require sugars to grow. But their glucose intake is a lot higher than that of healthy cells, as is the rate at which they ferment that glucose into lactic acid.
我们知道几乎所有的人体细胞都需要能量,它们通过我们吃的食物中的糖分获取能量。癌症细胞生长也需要糖分,但是它们摄取葡萄糖的分量明显多于健康细胞,它们将糖分转化成乳酸的速率也明显高于后者。
This is known as the Warburg effect, and it may, scientists have hypothesised, have something to do with cancer's rapid growth rate. But it's hard to determine whether the Warburg effect is a symptom or a cause of cancer.
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