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世界经济仍在恶性循环

It will be argued that the process of international economic cooperation is failing. It will be suggested that there have been failures of leadership on the part of the major actors. There will be calls for changes in the international economic architecture.

有人会主张，国际经济合作进程正趋于失灵。有人会提出，大国和主要国际机构未能承担起领导的责任。有人会呼吁，国际经济架构需要改革。

There is some validity to this view. Domestic political constraints and imperatives do interfere with necessary actions in much of the world. US politics have been dysfunctional in the run up to the 2012 election. The EU sometimes makes the US Congress look like a model of crisp efficiency in making decisions. In Russia and China, authoritarian leaders who lack legitimacy struggle to drive economic reform, but so do those with democratic mandates in India and Brazil.

这种观点有一定道理。在世界大部分地方，国内政治的制约因素和当务之急确实会妨碍我们采取必要的行动。美国忙于2012年总统选举，政治陷入失灵。但与欧盟相比，美国国会有时候简直可算是高效决策的典型。在俄罗斯和中国，缺乏执政合法性的专制领导人在推动经济改革方面举步维艰，但在印度和巴西，民主选出的政府也面临同样的问题。

Concern about politics and the processes of international cooperation is warranted but the best one can hope for from politics in any country is that it will drive rational responses to serious problems. If there is no consensus on the causes or solutions to serious problems, it is unreasonable to ask a political system to implement forceful actions in a sustained way. Unfortunately, this is to an important extent the case with respect to current economic difficulties, especially in the industrial world.