洪武年间,经过太祖朱元璋的整治,当时国家统一,社会安定,经济得到了恢复和发展,吏治较以前大为清明。然而他生性“雄猜好杀”,屡次兴起大狱,动辄杀戮,政治气氛非常凝重,文武大臣人人自危。建文帝对局势有着深刻的认识,因此继位伊始,就着手改革,改变了太祖朱元璋的一些弊政,史称“建文新政”。
During the Hongwu Period, after Zhu Yuanzhang's renovation, the country was unified, the society was stable, the economy was restored and developed, and the official administration was more clear than before. However, he was born with a "male guess is good at killing", and he raised a prison for many times, often killing. The political atmosphere was very dignified, and the civil and military ministers were in danger. Emperor Jianwen had a deep understanding of the situation, so at the beginning of his succession, he began to reform and changed some of the maladies of Zhu Yuanzhang, the emperor Taizu, known as the "new deal of Jianwen".
太祖朱元璋用武力夺得天下,自然而然地形成了右武的局面。洪武时,军事衙门大都督府的左右都督都是正一品,都督同知也是从一品,而六部尚书却只有正二品。《大明律》中明文规定文官不许封公侯,因此朱元璋的主要谋士刘基仅仅得封“诚意伯”,而武将得封公侯者多,称王者也不少。这种局面下,文官在议论朝政中的地位可想而知。
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