建立草地生态系统持续管理体系。鉴于我国退化草原生态系统治理的现状是边治理,边退化,退化大于治理的现状,因此建立适宜的草原生态系统持续利用体系,是遏制草原退化、恢复退化草原,达到长治久安的根本策略。在草地资源不足时,轮牧连续放牧有较大的优势,且对于同样的载畜水平,短时高强度放牧比长时间低强度放牧更有利于植物的生长。然而适宜的草原利用体系随不同草原类型而异。阐明不同类型草原生态系统第一性生产力及其载畜能力、不同放牧方式和季节对草原草畜土系统的影响、草原植物生产力与家畜放牧强度间的相互作用模式、草原生物多样性的维持机制等,是制定草原生态系统持续管理措施的基础。同时,草原地区土地经营等体制的优化则是在更高尺度上实行草原生态系统持续管理的策略。
Establish sustainable management system of grassland ecosystem. In view of the current situation of the management of degraded grassland ecosystem in our country, which is the management at the same time, the degradation at the same time is greater than the management, so the establishment of a suitable sustainable utilization system of grassland ecosystem is the fundamental strategy to curb the grassland degradation, restore the degraded grassland and achieve long-term stability. When the grassland resources are insufficient, continuous rotational grazing has a greater advantage, and for the same level of livestock, short-term high-intensity grazing is more conducive to plant growth than long-term low-intensity grazing. However, the suitable grassland utilization system varies with different grassland types. This paper expounds that the primary productivity and carrying capacity of different types of grassland ecosystem, the influence of Different Grazing Methods and seasons on grassland, the interaction mode between grassland plant productivity and livestock grazing intensity, and the maintenance mechanism of grassland biodiversity are the basis of formulating sustainable management measures of grassland ecosystem. At the same time, the optimization of land management system in grassland area is the strategy of sustainable management of grassland ecosystem on a higher scale.
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