土地退化是困扰西部地区经济和社会持续发展的主要因素。水土严重流失、沙漠化和土壤盐碱化导致土地生产力衰退,最终彻底丧失功能,变成戈壁、流沙或劣地。土地严重退化对环境的反馈作用使生态环境全面恶化,气候更加干旱,沙尘暴灾害频繁,严重影响地区的工农业生产。生态环境的恶化,牧、农、林经济的落后,贫困和文化落后等一连串的问题影响着社会的可持续发展。
Land degradation is the main factor that perplexes the sustainable development of economy and society in the western region. Serious soil and water loss, desertification and soil salinization lead to the decline of land productivity, and ultimately the complete loss of function, turning into Gobi, quicksand or poor land. The feedback effect of serious land degradation on the environment makes the ecological environment worsen in an all-round way, the climate is more arid, and sandstorm disasters are frequent, which seriously affects the industrial and agricultural production in the area. The deterioration of ecological environment, the backwardness of animal husbandry, agriculture and forestry economy, poverty and cultural backwardness affect the sustainable development of society.
既要改善环境质量,又要保持经济增长水平,这是一道世界性的难题。西部经济增长和生态环境保护(改善)这一对矛盾显得更为突出。一面是经济落后,人民贫困,发展速度滞后;一面是生态环境严重失衡,土地沙漠化、水土流失和盐渍化严重。这些又反过来制约经济发展。
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