The US has six research stations on the continent, while Australia has three. The Antarctic Treaty, which was signed in 1959, commits the signatories to ensuring that the continent will remain open for peaceful scientific research and that the region will not be militarized. A number of separate protocols aim to protect the Antarctic environment from overfishing and mining of what are considered to be large supplies of scarce resources in the region.
美国在南极洲有六个科考站,澳大利亚有三个。各国在1959年签订的《南极条约》规定,签订国有义务保证这块大陆永远向和平的科学考察行动开放许可,同时承诺不对这片区域进行军事控制。另有若干单独协议旨在保护南极洲免于过渡捕捞,以及保护这一区域内储量极大的稀缺资源免于过度开采。
Although China has abided by the constraints of the pacts, observers of Antarctic affairs believe that Beijing is using the guise of research to gain a strategic upper hand in case region opens to commercial drilling in the future.
虽然中国受到上述协定的制约,但南极洲局势的观察研究人员相信,中国正在以科学研究为掩护,谋取战略优势地位,以便为日后这一区域对商业性开发开放许可之时做好准备。
“This is part of a broader pattern of a mercantilist approach all around the world, Peter Jennings, director of Australian Strategic Policy Institute, told the NYT. “A big driver of Chinese policy is to secure a long-term energy supply and food supply.
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