同样,很难定义什么才算英语。医学和科学名词怎么办?法律中使用的拉丁词汇、烹饪中使用的法语词汇、学术写作中使用的德语词汇和武术中使用的日语词汇怎么办?苏格兰方言算不算?青少年的俚语呢?缩写呢?
The Second Edition of the 20-volume Oxford English Dictionary contains full entries for 171,476words in current use, and 47,156 obsolete words. To this may be added around 9,500derivative words included as subentries. Over half of these words are nouns, about a quarteradjectives, and about a seventh verbs; the rest is made up of exclamations, conjunctions,prepositions, suffixes, etc. And these figures don't take account of entries with senses fordifferent word classes (such as noun and adjective).
长达20卷的《牛津英语词典》第二版中有171476个仍在使用的单词词条,还有47156个废弃单词词条。此外还要加上约9500个派生词作为词条下面的分项。这些单词中,超过半数是名词,约四分之一的单词是形容词,七分之一左右的词是动词,剩下的是感叹词、连词、介词和词缀等。这一数字并未把单词的不同词性(例如名词和形容词)分别计算。
This suggests that there are, at the very least, a quarter of a million distinct English words,excluding inflections, and words from technical and regional vocabulary not covered by theOED, or words not yet added to the published dictionary, of which perhaps 20 per cent are nolonger in current use. If distinct senses were counted, the total would probably approachthree quarters of a million.
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