5.在含有宾语从句的复合句中,主从句动词时态有如下不一致情况。
(1)当宾语从句表示科学真理、客观事实、格言或其他不受时间影响、限制的客观存在的事物时,如:Long ago people didn't know that the earth moves round the sun.She told her son that practice makes perfect.
(2)当宾语从句用来解释、表达科技内容时,如:The teacher told us that the attraction of the earth for all bodies is called gravity.
(3)当宾语从句表示一种反复出现或目前习惯性动作时,如:He said he does morning exercises every day.
(4)当宾语从句中谓语动词的动作在转述时仍在继续,或表示现在时刻仍存在的状态时,如:Li Lei said his father is attending a meeting in Shanghai.She told me the other day that she is only seventeen.
6.其他从句,如比较状语从句、定语从句等不受主句时态的影响,应根据实际需要,选择适当的时态。例如:It was colder yesterday than it is today.Last night I read the book which you are reading now.
对于这些特殊情况,在平时的教学中,应特别注意。其实,我们也可以把上述情况视为一种特殊的标志,进而判断相应的时态形式。
综上所述,对于一种时态,我们可以从概念结构标志三个方面去把握,随着所学时态的增多,要善于将一些时态加以比较,总结出差异,同时还要注意特殊情况。这些,整个中学阶段英语时态教学就系统化、规律化了。学好这些基本的动词时态,可为学生将来学习更为复杂的时态、非谓语动词的时态、被动语态、虚拟语气乃至进一步学习中、高级英语,打下扎实的基础。
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