形容词 illegal 作为 migrant 一词的修饰语,其出现频率高于其他词汇,每10亿词出现2514次
即使如此,一些媒体仍旧坚持使用 migrants 作为统称性词汇,因为它也包括 refugees 这一类人群。例如,BBC(英国广播公司)开始在每条与难民主题相关的报道后添加如下声明:
“The BBC uses the term migrant to refer to all people on the move who have yet to complete the legal process of claiming asylum. This group includes people fleeing war-torn countries such as Syria, who are likely to be granted refugee status, as well as people who are seeking jobs and better lives, who governments are likely to rule are economic migrants.”
围绕语义差异的辩论说明,在报道复杂话题时,有时记者很难找到一个正确的词汇,而使用错误的术语就有可能产生负面影响。在联合国难民署(UNHCR)的网站上,有这样的警示语:Confusing [the terms refugee and migrant] can lead to problems for refugees and asylum-seekers, as well as misunderstandings in discussions of asylum and migration.
Immigrants 和 emigrants (移民)
Migrant (移居者;流动工人)一词与 refugee 一样,其使用量都在2015年9月攀升,这实际上超过了语义上相关的词汇 immigrant。OxfordDictionaries.com 将 immigrant 定义为 a person who comes to live permanently in a foreign country。
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