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盘点：世界上最聪明的动物们

经过4轮尝试之后，12只山羊里有9只完成了这项任务。研究人员在10个月后又对它们进行了相同的测试，发现其中大多数山羊还记得如何吃到装置中的水果。

Elephants 大象

Anyone who has interacted with an elephant knows these animals are very smart. But just how smart are they? Researchers have performed numerous studies on the subject. One found that elephants can understand the difference between languages and whether a man, woman, or child is speaking.

任何接触过大象的人都知道它们十分聪明。但它们有多聪明呢？研究人员对它们进行了很多项研究。其中一项研究表明大象可以分辨出人类语言的不同，以及分辨出说话者是男人、女人还是孩子。

How do they know? In Africa, only certain tribes hunt down elephants. Scientists played recordings of a group that does hunt them down and one that doesn’t. When the elephants heard the recordings of the elephant-hunting group, they became fearful and moved away from where the sound was coming from. When they heard the language of the group that doesn’t hunt them down, they didn’t move or change their disposition. Then, researchers played recordings of the language that scared them, but included women, children, and men. The elephants only became fearful when the voice came from men—they do the hunting.

研究人员又是怎么知道的呢？在非洲，某些部落会猎杀大象。研究人员播放了一组猎杀大象部落的语言和一组非猎杀大象部落的语言录音。当大象听到猎杀大象部落的语言之后，它们十分恐惧并开始远离声音的源头。而当它们听到的语言是非猎杀大象部落发出的，它们并没有逃走。然后，研究人员又播放了会让大象恐惧的语言，但是这次说话的人包括了女人、孩子和男人。大象听到男人的声音才开始表现出恐惧，因为只有男人会捕猎大象。

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