In the videos, a T cell infected with fluorescent-green-labeled HIV encounters epithelial cells of a reconstructed urethral mucosal tissue. When the infected T cell and an epithelial cell come into contact, a kind of pocket forms, called a virological synapse.
在视频中,被绿色荧光蛋白标记的HIV感染的T细胞,与重建的尿道黏膜组织上皮细胞相遇。当被感染的T细胞和上皮细胞接触时,会形成一种在细胞表面突出的病毒学突触结构。
This rearrangement of the infected cell's membrane spurs production of infectious HIV virus, which appears in the videos as green fluorescent dots. Then, like the neon green ray of a blaster gun in an old sci-fi movie, the virus sheds across the synapse into the mucosal epithelial cell.
T细胞细胞膜的重排刺激了可感染的HIV的产生,后者在视频中以绿色荧光点呈现。然后,就像科幻片里冲击枪发出的绿色荧光射线一样,病毒颗粒在电光火石之间通过突触穿过了黏膜上皮细胞。
Importantly, the epithelial cell isn't infected: the virus simply travels across the cell via transcytosis. Once it crosses the epithelial layer, it's captured by immune cells called macrophages in the stroma.
值得注意的是,在这一过程中上皮细胞并没有被感染:病毒只是通过胞吞作用被裹在小泡里穿过了细胞。而一旦它像这样穿过了整个上皮细胞层,就会被基质中的巨噬细胞所捕获。
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