3. 生动地描绘。如Herminia的《职业身份》一书所述,幻想新的自己是促进改变的巨大力量。通过讲故事,打比方,画图或实物,来描绘“我们的现状”,然后用一幅更好的画面来呈现“美丽新世界”,这样可以触及到人的情感面,更有力地促使(或阻止)改变发生。
4. Activate peer pressure. As social comparison theory shows, we look to others in our immediate circle for guidance for what are acceptable behaviors. Peers can set expectations, shame us or provide role models. This is also the case for online groups. Ask peers to set expectations and put pressure on one another. Sign up friends on facebook to check in on your behaviors (or use a company network tool).
4. 激发同伴间竞争。根据社会比较理论,我们会参照身边的圈子,来判断什么样的行为是可以接受的。同伴的行为会让我们设立预期,或是让我们羞愧,或是成为我们角色的榜样。这一点同样体现在网络社区。同伴间相互设置期望,能给彼此带来压力。注册facebook(或使用公司的网络工具)后加些好友,然后把你的行为“签到”。
5. Tweak the situation. How do you get employees to eat healthier food in the company cafeteria? You could educate them about healthy food. Or you could alter the physical flow. Google did just that. Using the cue that people tend to grab what they see first, they stationed the salad bar in front of the room. You nudge people, not by telling them directly, but indirectly, by shaping their choices. Use different default settings, frame things as losses (not gains) and so on.
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