Why do boys get diagnosed with autism four times as often as girls?
为什么男孩被诊断出患有自闭症的几率是女孩的四倍?
New research, including some of the latest data from the International Society for Autism Research annual conference last week, addresses this question, one of the biggest mysteries in this field. A growing consensus is arguing that sex differences exist in genetic susceptibility, brain development and social learning in autism -- and they are meaningful to our understanding of the disorder and how it will be treated.
新近的一项研究对自闭症领域中这个最大的谜团之一进行了论证,该研究涵括了来自2013年国际自闭症研究协会(International Society for Autism Research)年度会议的一些最新数据。一个日益达成的共识是,在自闭症患者的遗传易感性、大脑发育和社会学习这些方面都存在着性别差异,这对我们了解自闭症、该如何对症下药意义深远。
Yale University researchers presented results showing that being female appears to provide genetic protection against autism. Meanwhile, scientists at Emory University showed in preliminary work that boys and girls with autism learn social information differently, which leads to divergent success in interactions with other people.
耶鲁大学(Yale University)研究人员展示的结果显示,女性自身似乎会针对自闭症提供一种基因上的防护。与此同时,埃默里大学(Emory University)的科学家在初期研究中发现,患有自闭症的男孩和女孩在了解社会信息方面的表现并不相同,这就导致了他们在与他人互动的效果上也会有差别。
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