为什么会有这样的比例存在?有多少女孩是被误诊了或是医生未能作出全面的诊断?这些问题目前都不得而知。尽管如此,还是有越来越多的科学家认为,这种性别分布意义重大。
'It's such an important biological clue -- why do we have this excess in boys?' said Geraldine Dawson, the chief science officer of Autism Speaks, a research funding and advocacy group.
研究基金和倡导组织自闭症之声(Autism Speaks)的首席科学长杰拉尔丁•道森(Geraldine Dawson)说:“这是一个非常重要的生物学线索──为什么男孩的患病率会超出女孩这么多?”
Sex differences in autism and related disorders were relatively ignored until recently and still aren't well understood. The small number of girls who have the disorder meant that studies often didn't include enough girls to be able to reliably examine sex differences. Often, girls were excluded from studies altogether.
表现在自闭症及相关疾病上的性别差异相对而言一直被人忽略,直到最近才得到关注,但人们仍未透彻地了解它。患有此病的女孩数量如此之少,这意味着众多研究一般没有囊括足够多的女孩,其在性别差异方面的分析也就不太可信。通常情况下,这些研究都将女孩完全排除在外。
Understanding sex differences is important to getting the right diagnosis and treatment, said Christopher Gillberg, a child and adolescent psychiatry professor at the University of Gothenburg in Sweden. Because experts' understanding of the typical features of the condition is primarily based on research with boys, girls may be missed or misdiagnosed, he said. Some evidence suggests that girls are diagnosed, on average, later than boys.
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