They were neither the first nor the last weather icons, but they were perhaps the most elegant. For decades, weather maps had been cluttered with technical notation. The first commercial weather map, sent out by the U.S. Weather Bureau in 1910, represented cloud conditions with empty and filled circles and the wind with tiny arrows. By 1912, these maps were reproduced in more than 100 cities. The symbols grew less obscure, says Mark Monmonier, a historian and geographer at Syracuse University, when competition among wire services, which started sending out weather maps in the '30s, led to simpler, more attractive designs.
它们并不是第一组天气符号,也不是最后一组,但它们或许是最简洁优美的一组。几十年来,气象地图上乱糟糟地堆满各种技术符号。1910年,美国气象局发行了第一份商业气象地图,用空心和实心的圆圈来代表云层分布状况,用小箭头来代表风。1912年,这些地图在100多个城市再版。20世纪30年代,各大通讯社之间展开竞争,雪城大学的历史学家兼地理学家马克·蒙莫尼尔(Mark Monmonier)说,它们纷纷刊登气象图,因此所用的符号不再那么含糊,开始使用更简单、更有吸引力的图标设计。
Weathermen often drew their maps as cameras rolled, using wax pencils or felt-tip markers, until the 1970s, when, as Allen's weather icons were adopted at the BBC, U.S. stations tried their own stick-on, magnetic symbols. The advent of computer graphics in the 1980s brought more standardized, low-res icons: "You only had 16 colors that you could put on the graphic," says Mike Nelson, a Denver meteorologist who worked for a company called ColorGraphics Weather Systems. "You couldn't be all that creative."
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