英国议会辩论才是嘴炮最高境界_BEC初级作文

英国议会辩论才是嘴炮最高境界

Simon De Montfort's Parliament was the first Parliament to summon representatives from towns.

13世纪60年代，西蒙·德·蒙福尔第一次召集市民代表，参与议会，这也是英国历史上第一次真正意义上的议会。

1640年，英国资产阶级革命后，议会制度最终确立。

两院制

英国议会建立初期，贵族和平民的利益无法平衡，于是设立由贵族组成的上议院（the house of Lords）和以平民组成的下议院（the house of Commons）以互相制衡。

从1341年起，议会实行两院制（bicameralism [bai'kæmərə,lizəm]），由君主、上院和下院组成，行使国家的最高立法权。

The House of Lords includes two different types of members: the Lords Spiritual, consisting of the most senior bishops of the Church of England, and the Lords Temporal, consisting of members of the peerage and life peers who are appointed by the Sovereign on the advice of the Prime Minister.

上议院由两部分人组成：一部分是神职贵族，由英国教会的高级教士构成；另一部分是世俗贵族，由英国的贵族阶级成员及君主在首相建议下授予的“终身贵族”成员构成。

The House of Commons is a democratically elected chamber with elections held at least every five years. The UK public elects 650 Members of Parliament (MPs) to represent their interests and concerns in the House of Commons. MPs consider and propose new laws, and can scrutinise government policies by asking ministers questions about current issues either in the Commons Chamber or in Committees.