19. For instance, in the Song Dynasty, China established a post of Jing Lüe An Fu Shi (Imperial Envoy for Management and Pacification) in the regions now known as Guangdong and Guangxi to govern the southern territory. It is mentioned in Zeng Gongliang’s Wujing Zongyao (Outline Record of Military Affairs) that, in order to strengthen defense in the South China Sea, China established naval units to conduct patrols therein. In the Qing Dynasty, Ming Yi’s Qiongzhou Fuzhi (Chronicle of Qiongzhou Prefecture), Zhong Yuandi’s Yazhou Zhi (Chronicle of Yazhou Prefecture) and others all listed “Shitang” and “Changsha” under the items of “maritime defense”.
20. 中国很多官修地方志,如《广东通志》、《琼州府志》、《万州志》等,在“疆域”或“舆地山川”条目中有“万州有千里长沙、万里石塘”或类似记载。
20. Many of China’s local official records, such as Guangdong Tong Zhi (General Chronicle of Guangdong), Qiongzhou Fu Zhi (Chronicle of Qiongzhou Prefecture) and Wanzhou Zhi (Chronicle of Wanzhou), contain in the section on “territory” or “geography, mountains and waters” a statement that “Wanzhou covers ‘Qianlichangsha’ and ‘Wanlishitang’” or something similar.
21. 中国历代政府还在官方地图上将南海诸岛标绘为中国领土。1755年《皇清各直省分图》之《天下总舆图》、1767年《大清万年一统天下图》、1810年《大清万年一统地理全图》、1817年《大清一统天下全图》等地图均将南海诸岛绘入中国版图。
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