美国专利制度无益于创新_时事_双语阅读-查字典英语网

美国专利制度无益于创新

科技行业之外更是乱象迭出。凯斯·马斯库斯(Keith Maskus)在即将出版的著作《私权与公共问题》(Private Rights and Public Problems)中提到，食品公司Smucker’s曾挥舞一项专利，它涉及“一种制作无硬皮花生酱三明治的方法。美国国家橄榄球联盟(National Football League)试图拿下短语“Who Dat?的所有权，而某知名篮球教练出于对连续第三个冠军的期待，还曾为“三连冠(three-peat)一词注册商标（结果他输了，活该）。在一个更美好的世界，美国专利商标局(Patent and Trademark Office)应当谨慎行事，不批准那些乱七八糟和范围重复的申请。但申请太多，审查员根本应接不暇。

The US has made modest efforts to rein in this excess. A law due to take effect next year will improve the funding of the patent office and reduce inconsistencies between the US approach and that of the rest of the world. But the US has a long way to go before attaining sanity. Its rules encourage vastly more patent applications than are filed in any other country. The Apple-Samsung verdict will doubtless be followed by a fresh burst of costly litigation as Apple presses its advantage and Samsung counter-attacks.

美国已经采取温和措施，以遏制这种泛滥势头。一部将于明年生效的法律将增加专利局拨款，并减少美国做法与世界其余地区的不一致之处。但距离恢复理性，美国还有很长的路要走。美国法规鼓励了专利申请，其申请数量远远超过世界其他国家。毫无疑问，苹果与三星之间的诉讼裁定之后，随着苹果扩大战果，三星发动反击，又将涌现一波烧钱的诉讼浪潮。

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