每年2月2日,一只名叫庞克瑟托尼·菲尔的软乎乎的土拨鼠会从冬眠的洞里露出头来四下看一看。如果它看到了自己的影子,那就意味着冬天还要持续6周。如果它没看到自己的影子,我们就可以假定温暖的天气即将来临。
The ritual has been carried out in Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania every year since 1887. Relying on Phil is actually not much better than flipping a coin—he's right an estimated 64.4 percent of the time—but clearly someone at one time believed a groundhog had predictive abilities. Who? And why?
自1887年以来,这一仪式每年都要在美国宾夕法尼亚州的庞克瑟托尼举行。事实上,靠菲尔来预测天气的成功率不比抛硬币高多少——这只土拨鼠预测天气的准确率约为64.4%——但显然有人曾一度认为土拨鼠有预测天气的能力。是谁呢?为什么会这么认为?
To understand Phil's current status, it helps to know that superstition and weather have had a long association. Observers of the Christian holiday Candlemas, for example, received candles blessed by clergymen. If the skies were cloudy that day, warm weather was imminent; if the sun was out, winter would persist.
要明白菲尔目前的身份,最好能了解迷信和天气之间长久以来的关联。举例来说,基督教信徒在圣烛节会收到牧师祝福过的蜡烛。如果圣烛节那天是多云,说明温暖的天气很快就要来到;如果太阳出来了,冬天将会持续下去。
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