与此同时,国家安全风险若隐若现。美国政府长期投资于抵御会造成“严重”健康风险的约60种病原体和10种毒素的手段,包括埃博拉病毒、H1N1流感病毒和蓖麻毒素等。
But advances such as gene editing and next-generation DNA sequencing allow scientists to weaponise new viruses, perhaps including custom pathogens engineered to overcome existing immunities or to be impervious to current drugs. Some experts warn of bioweapons engineered to kill specific populations or even individuals.
但基因编辑和新一代DNA测序等技术进步使得科学家可以把新病毒变成武器,或许包括用定制病原体攻破现有免疫系统或抵抗现有药物的影响。一些专家对用来杀死特定人群、甚至个人的生物武器发出了警告。
Last year, James Clapper, director of national intelligence, included gene editing aimed at producing new biological weapons as among the nation’s top security threats. “The risks are real,” a White House scientific advisory panel said in November, “and will only grow as biotechnology becomes more sophisticated in the years ahead.”
去年,国家情报总监詹姆斯?克拉珀(James Clapper)把旨在制造新生物武器的基因编辑列入国家最大安全威胁。“风险是实实在在的,”白宫一个科学顾问小组去年11月表示,“而且会随着未来几年生物技术日益复杂而越来越危险。”
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