The study's 21 participants, 18 to 40 years old, initially lost 10% to 15% of their body weight during a three-month diet that contained about 45% of total calories from carbohydrates, 30% from fat and 25% from protein.

21名研究对象年龄在18到40岁之间。他们在最初的三个月里减掉了10%-15%的体重，这三个月里他们遵循的饮食方案中45%的热量来自碳水化合物，30%来自脂肪，还有25%来自蛋白质。

A month later, participants were placed on one of three diets for a month: a low-fat diet limiting fats to 20% of total calories; a low-carbohydrate diet modeled on the Atkins diet, limiting carbohydrate intake to 10% of total calories; and a low-glycemic-index diet, which contained 40% of total calories from carbohydrates, 40% from fats and 20% from protein. Participants were then switched to the other two diets during two additional four-week periods.

一个月后，他们分别开始遵循这三种饮食方案中的一种：低脂饮食，脂肪占总热量摄入的20%；阿特金斯饮食法（Atkins diet）的低碳水化合物饮食，碳水化合物的摄入量只占总热量摄入的10%；还有低血糖指数饮食，其中碳水化合物占总热量的40%，脂肪占40%，蛋白质占20%。四周后改为下一种饮食方案，再过四周改为第三种饮食方案。

'The low-fat diet had the worst effect' on energy expenditure, Dr. Ludwig said. Participants on that diet also had increases in triglycerides, a type of fat, and lower levels of so-called good cholesterol. 'We should avoid severely restricting any major nutrient and focus on the quality of the nutrient,' he said.

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