同行评议(peer review)是学术刊物普遍采取的论文评审制度。一般由出版方邀请论文所涉领域的专家(invite experts of the same field)评价论文质量(assess a paper's quality),提出评审修改意见。它很大程度上决定了文章是否刊发。调查发现第三方机构提供虚假的评审专家信息。比如用自己注册的邮箱地址冒充专家邮箱(forge experts' email address),评审时论文实际上是返回到投稿者手里。投稿人冒充评审人将正面评价发至出版方(send positive opinions to the publisher),从而达到操纵评审(manipulate the appraisal)的目的。
调查显示,这些第三方机构多以"语言公司"的面目(disguised as language-service companies)在网络上出现。他们宣称为科研人员的英文论文进行语言润色(promote themselves as polishers of English papers for researchers),实际上却提供代笔服务(actually provide a ghost writing service)。这些机构还会给"具有国际论文潜力"的论文作者发邮件,寻找潜在客户(gain potential customers)。
[相关词汇]
野鸡大学 diploma mill
学历造假 fabricate academic credentials
剽窃 plagiarism
考试作弊 cheat in an exam
伪造同行评审 forge peer reviews
5. 空巢老人
empty nesters
请看例句:
Now about half of the country's households have empty-nesters, and the figure is about 70% in large and medium-sized cities.
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2020-09-15
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