俄罗斯经济受到多种问题的困扰:劳动力人数萎缩、生产率堪忧、过于依赖自然资源、投资和创新太少、资本外逃、腐败猖獗,以及对法治的拙劣模仿。难以想象该国会采取有望减少这些不足之处对俄罗斯人生活水平影响的措施,因为这些措施要求减少与西方的对抗,放松国内政治环境。
Since Mr Putin’s managed re-election in 2012, the president and his increasingly narrow circleof courtiers have tightened their grip on power by cracking down on internal dissent andpursuing an anti-western foreign policy. The prospects for economic reform arecorrespondingly dim, with all that implies for lower living standards and the longer-termstability of Putinism.
2012年普京借助受操控的选举再次上台后,这位总统及其越来越狭窄的亲信圈子收紧了对权力的掌控,打击内部异见,实行反西方外交政策。与此对应的是,经济改革前景暗淡,一切都意味着更低的生活水平和普京主义的更长期稳定。
Crimea’s annexation went down well with millions of Russians, even more so than the August2008 war with Georgia. In March 2014, some 58 per cent of people questioned in a Levada-Center survey (the organisation is Russia’s most reputable pollster) supported annexing partsof neighbouring countries with ethnic Russian minorities. By last March, however, this figurehad fallen to 34 per cent. Meanwhile, 64 per cent of Russians — up from 56 per cent in 2009 —opposed the use of any means, including force, to keep former Soviet republics underMoscow’s control.
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