“These large employers are spending an average of $800 to $900 per employee per year, butin ways that are often blind to normal human psychology, Dr. Halpern said, adding that thespending on wellness had nearly doubled in five years.
“这些大型用人单位每年平均要在每名员工身上花费800到900美元,哈尔彭博士说,5年内医疗支出增加了近一倍,“但他们花钱时却往往对人员心理层面上的因素视而不见。
The trial was intended to change that. Researchers randomly assigned the participants to anumber of program options and let them decide whether they wanted to participate. About 14percent of people assigned to the penalty program accepted it, compared with about 90percent of people assigned to the reward program.
这项试验就是为了要改变这一现状。研究人员向参与者们随机分配了多种戒烟方案,并让他们自己决定是否参加。分配入惩罚方案组的参与者中约有14%表示接受,相比之下,分配入奖励方案组的参与者中接受者高达90%。
The penalty program required participants to deposit $150; six months later, those who hadquit smoking would get the deposit back, along with a $650 reward. In the reward-onlyprogram, participants were simply offered an $800 payment if they stayed off cigarettes for sixmonths.
惩罚方案要求参与者缴纳150美元保证金;6个月后,成功戒烟者不但得以退还保证金,还将获得650美元的奖励。而在纯奖励方案中,参加者戒烟6个月就可以获得800美元的奖励。
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