University of California at Berkeley graduation speech
托马斯·萨金特加州大学伯克利分校毕业演讲
I remember how happy I felt when I graduated from Berkeley many years ago. But I thought the graduation speeches were long. I will economize on words.
我现在依然记得许多年前我从伯克利毕业时自己开心的样子。不过我觉得毕业演讲都太过冗长,这次我会言简意赅。
Economics is organized common sense. Here is a short list of valuable lessons that our beautiful subject teaches.
经济学是常识的集合体。下面是这门美丽的学科教会我们的一些珍贵课程:
1. Many things that are desirable are not feasible.
许多事情可遇而不可求。
2. Individuals and communities face trade-offs.
个人和集体会面临权衡取舍。
3. Other people have more information about their abilities, their efforts, and their preferences than you do.
别人对自己的能力、努力和喜好比你了解的要多。
4. Everyone responds to incentives, including people you want to help. That is why social safety nets don’t always end up working as intended.
每个人都会对激励做出反应(小编注:people respond to incentives 曼昆十大经济学原理之四),包括你想帮助的人。这也是为什么社会保障体系最后没能发挥预期的作用。
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