一、动词不定式在句子中不能充当谓语,没有人称和数的变化。
二、动词不定式是由“to+动词原形构成(有时可以不带to)。动词不定式的否定形式是“not+动词不定式(not不与助动词连用)。
三、动词不定式短语具有名词、形容词和副词等的功能,可在句中用做多种句子成分。
1、主语:常置于句末,而用it代替其做形式主语。
例:To go in for sports helps you stay fit.(book4,L28)It helps you stay fit to go in for sports.It is dangerous to swim in the deep sea on your own.
注:此句式中不定式逻辑上的主语可由for或of引出,逻辑主语由of引出时,表语的形容词为kind,nice,good,polite,clever,foolish,right,wrong等表示
评价的形容词。例:It’s right of him to refuse the
invitation.(him为逻辑主语)
2、表语:Our duty is to protect the enviroment.
3、动词宾语:此种情况可按固定搭配或句式去记。
例:would you like to see my photos? Kevin planned to visit his uncle.(book4,L11)
和plan用法一样的词还有:start,want,agree,hope,begin,decide等。
I found it very difficult to get a
job.(it为形式宾语)4、宾语补足语:(1)在多数复合宾语及物动词后要带to:例:I asked a friend to read it to me.(book4,L2)(2)在表示感觉、致使等意义的动词
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