2.表语从句:表语从句出现在系动词后,充当表语。 The trouble is that we are short of money. Go and get your coat. It’s where you left it. (1) 引导表语从句除了上述三类词外还有because, as if/ as though等等 The reason (why/for which…..) is that …… It/This/That is because…… (2) 连系动词“appear, look, seem”的两个常用句型 It seems/appears that…. It looks/seems as if/as though……(与事实相符用陈述语气,与事实相反用虚拟语气) (3) as 也可以引导表语从句 Things are not always as they seem to be
3. 宾语从句:及物动词,形容词和介词后加宾语从句作其宾语。 (1) 宾语从句时态与主句相呼应,但宾语从句表示的是客观真理或普遍现象除外 The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun (2) 连词whether和 if可以互换,但注意下列情况 连词后紧跟or not时用whether I want to know whether or not they will come. 作介词宾语是用whether引导宾语从句 He was interested in whether he saw her there. 连接词后直接加不定式,不能用if只能用whether He doesn’t know whether to stay or not. 如果宾语从句是否定时,一般用if引导 I care if he will not attend the meeting. (3) 当宾语从句后带宾补时,要用“主语+谓语+it +宾补+that-clause,that不可省略 I think it certain that she will do well in her exam. (4) 当主语是I, we ,主句用think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine五个动词时,用否定转移 I don’t think he will win the game, will he? (5) that在宾语从句常可以省略,但由and或 but连接两个或多个宾语从句时,仅可以省略第一个连词that He said (that) he had eaten nothing but that he wasn’t hungry. (6) 注意区别if引导的宾语从句和条件状语从句 I don’t know if he will come. If he comes, I’ll let you know.
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