10个关于社会心理学的有趣的事实_公共英语阅读理解

10个关于社会心理学的有趣的事实

8. 我们对其他人的看法通常是在角色期望，社会规范和社会分类的基础上形成的。因为我们原本期望一个人具有某种类型的行为方式或认为他是某类社交圈里的一份子，我们对他的初始印象就很大程度的依靠这样的思维捷径，然后才对这个人应当的行为作出快速判断。

9. When explaining behavior, we tend to attribute our own good fortune to internal factors and negative outcomes to external forces. When it comes to other people, however, we typically attribute their actions to internal characteristics. For example, if we get a bad grade on a paper, it's the teacher's fault; if a classmate gets a bad grade, it's because he didn't study hard enough. This tendency is known as the actor-observer bias.

9. 当解释（自己的）行为时，我们倾向于把自己的成果归类到内因，并把不好的结果归于外因作用。说到别人时，我们又总是把他们的行为归于内在性格。比如，如果我考试没考好，这是老师的错，如果我同学没考好，那一定是因为他没有好好学习。这种心理就叫行为者-旁观者偏见。

10. In groups, people often go along with the majority opinion rather than cause disruption. This phenomenon is known as groupthink and tends to occur more frequently when group members share a great deal in common, when the group is under stress, or in the presence of a charismatic leader.