Kids also need different kinds of help at different stages. In elementary school, parental rule-making about where and when homework is to be done, along with encouragement, is linked to higher achievement. But parents should give advice or help only when asked, says Harris Cooper, a professor of psychology and neuroscience at Duke University and a leading author and researcher on homework. If a child fails or becomes frustrated, parents should suggest a break.
不同阶段的孩子需要不同的辅导方式。在小学阶段,父母对家庭作业的完成地点和时间做出明确规定,并在孩子做作业时给予鼓励,这种做法能提高孩子的学习成绩。然而,杜克大学报告的主笔人、对家庭作业课题有专门研究的杜克大学心理学和神经学教授哈里斯·库珀(Harris Cooper)说,父母只应该在孩子主动要求时给予建议或帮助。如果孩子不愿做作业或变得焦躁不安,父母应该让孩子休息一下。
Some of the best ways for parents to help, Dr. Cooper says, include providing a quiet study place, proper supplies and resources for doing homework, and instilling positive attitudes about learning in general. A good motivator is to show kids how the skills they are practicing might be used throughout life.
库珀博士表示,父母给予帮助的最佳方式包括:确保一个安静的学习场所,提供合适的文具用品和其他资源,徐徐灌输积极正面的学习理念等。还有一种能增强孩子学习动力的方法,就是向孩子说明和演示,他们正在练习的技巧会在今后的生活当中起到什么作用。
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