Yet sometimes parental intervention may actually hurt student performance. During the middle-school years, such help was linked to lower academic achievement in a 2009 review of 50 studies by researchers at Duke University. Parents who apply too much pressure, explain material in different ways than teachers or intervene without being asked may undermine these students' growing desire for independence, according to the study, published in Developmental Psychology.
不过,家长的干预有时会起反作用。2009年,杜克大学(Duke University)总结了该校学者的50份研究成果,并在《发展心理学》(Developmental Psychology)期刊上发表。该报告指出,中学期间父母对于作业的干预反而会让学生成绩下降。父母施加过多压力、解释教材方式与老师不同,或未经同意主动干预的行为都会对学生逐渐增强的独立自主欲望产生不利影响。
A parent who implies that a child isn't capable of working on his or her own 'causes the kid to lose confidence, to get mad and just want the whole experience to be over,' says Lisa Jacobson, founder and chief executive of Inspirica, a New York tutoring and test-prep company. When parents help too much, 'kids say that they feel like a fraud,' undeserving of the grades they receive.
纽约学习辅导及备考公司Inspirica的首席执行长丽莎·雅各布森(Lisa Jacobson)说,如果父母流露出孩子不能自己独立完成作业的心理暗示,“就可能导致孩子失去自信、变得狂躁,或者消极懈怠。如果父母给予过多帮助,“孩子们会觉得自己在作弊,不配得到老师给作业打出的分数。
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