超市的自有品牌现象堪称山寨现象的典型案例。食品公司生产出新的食品,超市模仿生产它们并以更低廉的价格销售。这或许会对研发支出产生负面影响,但同样会促使供应商投入资源,尽可能地让产品与众不同、物有所值。而且归根结底,自由企业制度不应允许任何人通过并不新颖的点子,获得受法律保护的垄断地位。
The digital marketplace is swamped by clones. Among the most successful in the field are Alexander, Oliver and Marc Samwer, three brothers in Germany who have built copies of eBay, Zappos, Grouponand Airbnbacross various European countries before the Americans arrived. Their form of ruthless innovation has been exceedingly effective: they are reckoned to be billionaires. The brothers run a clone “factory called Rocket which incubates dozens of internet start-ups – many of which take their business plans from Silicon Valley. They have learnt to scale rapidly, and tailor online companies to European tastes and cultures – which is why they have done so well.
数码市场更是模仿的天下。最成功的莫过于德国的亚历山大·桑威尔(Alexander Samwer)、奥利弗·桑威尔(Oliver Samwer)和马克·桑威尔(Marc Samwer)三兄弟,他们赶在美国公司登陆之前在欧洲数国创建了山寨版的eBay、Zappos、Groupon和Airbnb。他们这种形式的“不懈创新收效巨大,三人已被视作亿万富翁。三兄弟经营着一家名叫“Rocket的山寨“工厂,孵化着几十家互联网初创公司,其中很多都是从硅谷照搬经营方案。他们学会了快速扩张,学会了让网络公司适应欧洲的品位与文化,并因此取得成功。
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