一些企业家具备足够丰富的想象力,他们把自己的商业帝国打造为寿命超过他们自己、而且可以在未来很长时间内蓬勃发展的企业。或许,这剥夺了他们后裔的财富继承,但这意味着,他们一生的事业更有可能长久。
John Spedan Lewis is a classic example: he founded the John Lewis Partnership because he believed in employee ownership, transferring control of the retailer to its staff. Similarly, Henry Wellcome's will vested the entire share capital of his huge pharmaceutical concern in the Wellcome Trust, now perhaps the world's largest biomedical charity – thanks to his generosity and foresight. In the cases of Lewis and Wellcome, their philanthropy succeeded because their businesses grew enormously after their deaths.
约翰•史派登•路易斯(John Spedan Lewis)就是一个经典的例子:他创建John Lewis Partnership的原因是他信奉员工持股,于是他把这家零售企业的控股权转让给了员工。类似地,亨利•维康(Henry Wellcome)在遗嘱中将其庞大制药康采恩的全部股本投入维康信托(Wellcome Trust),该信托现在大概是全球最大生物医学慈善组织,这源于他的慷慨和远见。在路易斯和维康的例子里,他们的慈善事业之所以成功,是因为他们的企业在他们死后大规模壮大。
Other rich entrepreneurs sell up and simply use their wealth for dedicated good causes. Andrew Carnegie built the world's most profitable corporation in the steel trade in the late 19th century. He sold it for cash to JPMorgan, and proceeded to give almost the entire amount away, the equivalent today of billions of dollars, constructing thousands of libraries and endowing educational establishments. He wrote: "A man who dies thus rich dies disgraced." In a similar vein, I suspect one day Bill Gates will be better known for his charitable activities than for co-founding Microsoft.
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