Second, we need increased investment in those parts of Africa and Latin America where the last remaining serious agricultural expansion potential lies, or wherever current yields are threatened. Governments and businesses need to direct investment towards strengthening whole value chains and improving support for smallholder farmers, particularly women. In the developing world, they make up 43 per cent of farmers – rising to 50 per cent in eastern Asia and 80 per cent in sub-Saharan Africa – but they have less access to the land, water rights, finance and education that could increase productivity. Aiding smallholder farmers is one of the most efficient ways of alleviating poverty, which makes it even more critical.
第二,我们需要对非洲和拉丁美洲任何尚存农业开发潜力的地区增加投资,也需要对目前粮食产量遭到威胁的地区增加投资。政府和企业的投资重点应放在加强整个价值链,以及强化对小农、特别是妇女的支持上。发展中国家小农占农民人数的43%,在东亚国家这一比例为50%,而在撒哈拉沙漠以南的非洲地区,这一比例则高达80%,但他们所拥有的土地、水资源、资金和教育等能够提高产量的资源却较少。帮助小农是缓解贫困的最有效方式之一,因此这尤为关键。
Third, developing country governments need to create long-term partnerships with the private sector, donors and civil society, to stimulate investment in commercial agriculture. The Copenhagen Consensus concluded that an investment in fighting malnutrition would benefit people more than any other type of investment – with a return of $30 for every $1 invested. And the World Bank found that an investment in nutrition can translate to a 2-3 per cent increase in a nation’s GDP each year, breaking the cycle of poverty that traps families and nations.
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