Congress and the health department issue broad rules for how to distribute organs (allocation must be “equitable”, for example). The OPTN must sort out the thorny details. The procedure for lungs is particularly elaborate. They are allotted according to a donor’s proximity, blood type and an algorithm to balance the desire to help the afflicted with the desire not to waste organs on those too ill to recover.
国会和卫生部对于如何进行器官配给只颁布了一些笼统的规定(比如,配给必须是“公平的”)。处理好棘手的细节则是OPTN的工作。在各种器官配给的程序中,肺配给的程序尤为复杂,需要根据捐献者的配型相似度、血型和一个算法来进行分配,以便在帮助患者和不浪费器官(有的患者病情过于严重,即使接受移植也无法康复)的需要之间取得平衡。
A broader question is whether organ donations should favour the young. The share of total organ recipients aged 50 and older has jumped from 28% in 1988 to 60% last year. The rise has been even more dramatic for those 65 and older—the share jumped from 2% to 17%. These figures may rise further as the baby-boomers age.
一个更重要的问题是,器官移植是否应该偏袒青少年。去年,50岁以上的器官受赠人占总受赠人数的比例从1988年的28%剧增到了60%。而65岁以上受赠人的比例增加比这还要戏剧:从2%到17%。随着婴儿潮一代步入老年,这些数字可能还会增加。
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