New research shows obesity is the largest predictor of earlier puberty in girls, which is affecting white girls much sooner than previously reported.
The multi-institutional study published in the journalPediatrics confirms that girls of all races are beginning puberty at a younger age, a longstanding observation in the US.
“The impact of earlier maturation in girls has important clinical implications involving psychosocial and biologic outcomes,” said Frank Biro, M.D., lead investigator.
“The current study suggests clinicians may need to redefine the ages for both early and late maturation in girls.”
Researchers have observed that girls with earlier maturation are at risk for a multitude of challenges, including lower self-esteem, higher rates of depression, norm-breaking behaviors and lower academic achievement.
Experts say early maturation also results in greater risks of obesity, hypertension and several cancers —including breast, ovarian and endometrial cancer.
The study was conducted through the Breast Cancer and Environmental Research Program, established by the National Institute of Environmental Health Science.
Researchers at centers in the San Francisco Bay Area, Cincinnati and New York City examined the ages of 1,239 girls at the onset of breast development and the impact of body mass index and race/ethnicity.
The girls ranged in age from 6 to 8 years at enrollment and were followed at regular intervals from 2004 to 2011. Researchers used well-established criteria of pubertal maturation, including the five stages of breast development known as the Tanner Breast Stages.
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