Spanking also predicted less satisfying adult relationships, but the negative effects were offset when parents praised their children at other times. The negative effects of yelling weren't erased by parental warmth, however. The negative problem-solving tactics that children learn when their parents yell may stick with them as adults, says the study, published in 2017 in Marriage & Family Review. Children also may expect others to treat them in a negative way, and unconsciously pick partners who fulfill that expectation.
打屁股也与成年后伴侣关系不尽人意有关联,但父母在其他时候表扬孩子会消除打屁股带来的负面影响。然而,吼叫带来的负面影响不会因父母的关爱而消除。《婚姻和家庭评论》(Marriage & Family Review) 2017年刊登的这项研究称,孩子会在父母吼叫时学到负面的问题解决策略,成年后他们可能仍会坚持使用这些策略。这些孩子可能还会期望别人以负面方式对待他们,并且无意识地选择满足他们期望的伴侣。
'Yelling is where 90% of us do the most damage,' says Julie Ann Barnhill, a speaker and author of 'She's Gonna Blow,' a book on parental anger that has sold 135,000 copies. Ms. Barnhill says she used to yell one to three times a week at her children when they were preschoolers. She got counseling, and learned to control her anger and discipline her kids in calmer, more positive ways, techniques she now teaches other parents in speeches and workshops.
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