Differences in background and education play a role in a therapist's perspective on evidence-based treatment. "You can become a therapist with very little training in how to think scientifically," said Carolyn Becker, a professor of psychology at Trinity University in San Antonio. Psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, social workers and other mental-health professionals complete years of rigorous schooling and apprenticeships, but it is possible to practice therapy without such a foundation.
出身背景和教育程度的差异均可影响治疗师对循证治疗的观点。“即使你几乎从未接受过科学思维的训练也可以成为一名治疗师,”圣安东尼奥三一大学(Trinity University)的心理学教授卡罗琳·贝克尔(Carolyn Becker)指出。精神科医生、临床心理学家、社会工作者和其他心理健康专业人员都需要完成数年严格的学校教育和见习,但治疗师们未必都具备上述基础。
"A lot of students come in and say, ‘I hate science, but I'm good with people. I like to listen and help them,' " said Dr. Becker. There is little incentive for therapists to change what they are doing if they believe it works. But "every clinician overestimates how well they're doing," said Dr. Spring. Often patients simply feel they can't tell a therapist when things aren't going well.
“有不少学生说:‘我讨厌科学,但我擅长与人交往。我乐于聆听患者们的倾诉,并给予他们所需的帮助,'”贝克尔博士补充道。只要治疗师们认定自己的工作行之有效,他们就不大情愿做出改变。不过,“每名临床医生都会高估自己的工作成效,”斯普林博士说,实际上,在很多情况下,患者只不过是觉得自己无法告诉治疗师“进展并不顺利”而已。
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