1. Straw Man Fallacy

1. 稻草人理论

It is very frustrating to have your thoughts summed up and attacked. It’s especially maddening when someone misunderstands your beliefs, describes them all wrong, and then attacks your position! This distortion of a belief is called a straw man tactic. Here is an example of the straw man tactic in reaction to the proposal to require school uniforms:

令人抓狂的是有人错误总结了你的观点来攻击你的言论，更令人抓狂的是竟然有人误解你的意思，歪曲你的想法来攻击你！这种扭曲观点做法就被称为稻草人理论。下面这个例子是针对学校要求统一服装的回应。

Our school board wants us to start wearing uniforms, so they want us all to give up our individuality. They expect us to become a mindless throng of obedient children who are not able to express their individuality in any way.

学校董事会希望我们穿校服，这样我们就会放弃自己的个性。他们希望我们成为一群唯唯诺诺的孩子，不能自由地表达自己的个性。

Obviously, this would not be the desire of any member of a school board, and it is certainly a view that can be opposed by any feeling human. It is a false and unfair representation of the school board’s intentions.

很显然，这不是任何一位董事的想法，这个理论也显然可以被任何一个有思想的人驳倒。这样解释董事会的意图是错误的，也是不公平的。

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