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张维迎：理念决定未来

This omission is curious given how China has reached this point. The economic reforms began at a time when China's government was omnipresent, and this growth has been sustainable only because the state receded further into the background. Similarly, state-owned enterprises have seen their role in society and the economy diminish with time. While the government relaxed its controls, market prices, village enterprises, private firms, private entrepreneurship, and foreign investors insured that the Chinese economy thrived.

考虑到中国发展到现在经过的历程，这种缺失让人奇怪。中国的改革从计划经济下的全能政府开始。改革进程中我们之所以能有持续的经济高增长，是因为政府管得越来越少，国有企业的比重越来越小，而不是政府管得多和国有部门大。正是伴随着政府管制的放松，才有了市场价格，才出现了个体户、乡镇企业、私人企业、外资企业等非国有企业形态，中国经济才不仅没有崩溃，而且保持了较高的增长速度。

Contrary to both dominant schools of thought, state intervention and government ownership are the causes of China's inequality and profound contradictions, not the cure. The government's control of vast amounts of resources and the excessive interference in the economy encourage official corruption and the collusion between the government and business. This has eroded the culture of business and destroyed the proper functioning of the market economy. The monopoly profits and above-market wages in state-owned enterprises are an important cause of the unequal distribution of income.