It's also important to keep in mind that the supply and demand model only applies to competitive markets — markets where there are many buyers and sellers all looking to buy and sell similar products.

还有一点很重要的是：供给需求模型仅适用于竞争性市场——也就是有很多买方和卖方想在此交易相似商品的地方。

Markets that don't satisfy these criteria have different models that apply to them instead.

那些不满足这些要求的市场则适用不同的模型。

The Law of Supply and The Law of Demand

供给需求模型的法则

The supply and demand model can be broken into two parts: the law of demand and the law of supply.

供给需求模型可以被分解成两个法则：需求法则和供给法则。

In the law of demand, the higher a supply's price, the lower the quantity of demand for that product becomes.

根据需求法则，一种产品的价格越高，对这种产品的需求量就越小。

The law itself states, "all else being equal, as the price of a product increases, quantity demanded falls; likewise, as the price of a product decreases, quantity demanded increases."

法则本身的说法是“在其他一切变量不变的前提下，当一件产品的价格升高，对其的需求量就会下降；相反，当一件产品的价格降低，对其的需求量就会增加。”

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