"From an evolutionary perspective, people tend to avoid punishments or dangerous situations. Rewards, on the other hand, have less of a life-threatening impact."
“从进化的角度来看,人们会自然地倾向于回避惩罚或危险的情况。然而奖励却很少会有像威胁生存这样的影响力。
The research involved 88 students who were asked to identify the number of clicks sounded in their right and left ears.
这项实验的内容是让88名学生分辨出自己左耳和右耳听到点击声的次数。
Every time a student made a correct choice they were rewarded with a cash sum. But if they gave a wrong answer they had money deducted.
每次作出正确选择的学生会得到一些现金奖励,但是一旦选择错误他们的现金会被扣除。
The research showed that those who had money deducted were more likely to make a correct choice in later rounds.
这项实验的结果表明,那些作出了错误选择而受到惩罚的学生在接下来的测试中正确率更高。
"Objectively, you would think that winning 25 cents would have the same magnitude of effect as losing 25 cents, but that's not what we found, added Dr Kubanek.
库班克博士表示:“客观上来说,人们可能会认为赢得25美分和输掉25美分的影响没什么不同,但是我们的实验发现却不是这样的。
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