②数字、年代
解题技巧1 数字和年代在文章中通常以阿拉伯叔祖的形式出现,在周围都是英文字母的背景中就显得比较突出。因此,如果考题中含有数字,往往可以用来快速定位题目的出处。
解题技巧2 数字和年代在文章中通常以阿拉伯数字的形式出现,但题干中可能对数字的形式有一定改动,如在数字的精确性和模糊性上变化。这时需要主义从逻辑关系上正确理解数字之间的包含与被包含关系。
③第一次出现的人名、地名等专有名词
解题技巧 专有名词以大写字母开头,在文章中显得比较突出,容易寻找。但是如果通篇都是讲与这个专有名词有关的事情时,这个专有名词有可能在全文中多次出现,而题目中也多次出现,这时就不建议用它来定位题目出处,而应该使用其他的定位词。
「真题 1」
Early in the 20th century,most of the streets and roads in the U.S. were made of dirt,birck, and cedar wood blocks. Built for horse, carriage, and foot traffic, they were usually poorly cared for and too narrow to accommodate(容纳) automobiles.
With the increase in auto production, private turnpike(收费公路)companies under loacl authorities began to spring up,and by 1921 there were 387,000 miles of paved orads. Many were built using specifications of 19th century Scottish engineers Thomas Telford and John Mac Adam (for whom the macadam surface is named), whose specifications stressed the importance of adequate drainage. Beyond that, there were no national standards for size, weight restrictions, or commercial signs. During World War Ⅰ, roads throughout the country were nearly destroyed by the weight of trucks. When General Eisenhower returned from Germany in 1919, after serving in the U.S. Armys first transcontinental motor convoy(车队), he noted: The old convoy had started me thinking about good, two-lane highways, but Germanys Autobahn or motorway had made me see the wisdom of broader ribbons across the land.
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