把每一次训练都当成实战
When I spoke to Special Forces Lieutenant Colonel Mike Kenny he told me, "Train like you fight." You want your practice to be as similar to the real thing as possible. And research backs Mike up. Not only will you be better prepared, but you learn much better when the context you practice in matches the context you will eventually perform in. How strong is this effect? Insanely strong.
当我和特种部队上尉Mike Kenny 取经时,他说秘诀是“把每一次训练都当成实战”。研究结果支持他的说法,你需要的不仅仅是充分的准备,只有自己带入真实的情境来训练才能最终取得成绩。那要多真实?越真实越好。
The #5 Use "desirable difficulty"
运用“适当增加难度”来复习
Reviewing material is one of the most popular forms of learning. Guess what? It's also one of the least effective. Researchers call this "the fluency illusion." Just because it's easy to remember right now doesn't mean it will stay that way. "Desirable difficulty" means that the harder you work trying to retrieve something from memory, the better you learn. Don't merely reread stuff. Practice like a medical student and quiz yourself with flashcards. You're not going to learn much passively. Research show re-reading material four times was not nearly as effective as reading it once and writing a summary.
复习是学习的重要一环,那我要说是最没有效率的一环呢?研究学家称它为“熟练的假象”你记得某个知识并不代表着在任何情况下你都能熟练运用。“适当增加难度”的意义在于,你越难回忆起某个知识,你就会记得越牢。不要就简单的复读,可以学习医学院的学生利用闪卡来测试自己。不要被动的学习,研究表明,一本书你读四遍的效果不如你读一遍然后写一篇读书小结来的好。
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