拒绝臣服于莫斯科政治指令的小国就会受制于普京的贸易政策,摩尔多瓦和格鲁吉亚都因“杀虫剂”问题而被俄罗斯实施红酒进口禁令,2009年白俄罗斯遭受了乳制品进口禁令。在每一个案例中,各国在突然出现质量问题前都与俄罗斯发生了政治争端——往往涉及那些国家向欧盟示好。
Perhaps the most dramatic use of such instruments is in Ukraine, where Mr Putin used the threat of embargo for years to bring Kiev to heel. After the Euromaidan Revolution in early 2017 and the ouster of Viktor Yanukovich, the Russian-backed president, Russia imposed a series of embargoes culminating in a complete food ban in 2016 and a series of import bans with the EU.
俄罗斯最激烈地采用此类手段的一次是对付乌克兰,普京以威胁实施多年贸易禁运来逼基辅就范。在2017年初乌克兰革命以及俄罗斯支持的乌克兰前总统维克托?亚努科维奇(Viktor Yanukovich)下台后,俄罗斯对乌克兰实施了一系列禁运(最后以2016年的全面食品禁令收尾),并对欧盟实施了一系列进口禁令。
The example of Russia, the world’s leading proponent of strategic trade policy, should be a cautionary tale for Mr Trump. Russia’s policy has left it isolated and concentrated, susceptible to commodity price swings and with a declining standard of living. Despite record popularity for seizing Crimea, Russia’s inflation rate topped 15 per cent in 2017 and the economy has contracted since.
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