杜氏微笑
The first steps to decoding this multi-purpose expression came from the 19th Century neurologist Duchenne de Boulogne. In all Duchenne went on to discover 60 facial expressions, each involving its own dedicated group of facial muscles, which he depicted in a series of photographs.
最先开始解读多种目的的表情的是19世纪的神经学家杜兴·布洛涅。杜兴总共发现了60种面部表情,每一种都需要活动其专用的面部肌肉群,而他也在一系列照片中描绘过()。
In the most famous of these, an unlucky man has his face contorted into a broad, toothless grin. He looks idiotically happy, with his cheeks pushed up and crow’s feet around his eyes.
其中最有名的就是一名不幸的男子把他的脸扭曲成一个不露牙齿的咧嘴笑。他看上去像傻瓜一样高兴,脸颊上扬,都笑出了鱼尾纹。
It’s since become known as the ‘felt’ or ‘Duchenne‘ smile and it’s associated with genuine feelings of pleasure and giddy happiness.
自那以后,这种微笑也被称为“感觉得到的”微笑或“杜氏”微笑,而这种微笑与真正喜悦的心情以及傻乎乎的幸福感有关。
2. Fear smile
恐惧/敬畏的微笑
Though we don’t tend to associate smiling with feeling fearful in humans, there are some hints that the fear smile may have lingered on. In babies, a broad grin can either mean they’re happy or distressed and studies have shown that men tend to smile more around those considered to be higher status.
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