3. Local governments need to enhance their functions in both regulation and services. Sufficient power delegation does not mean zero regulation. Power delegation and enhanced regulation are like the two wheels of a wagon. Only when both wheels turn can the reform of the government progress smoothly. In this sense, local governments must exercise market regulation to the full extent vis-a-vis all the producers and distributors. With reduction in pre-project approval, the government needs to step up mid- and post-project regulation. In this round of local government reform, the power of market regulation will be delegated to the lower levels, especially to the municipal and county governments. A regulation web of full coverage will be set up to leave no misconduct unattended to. In this way, we will be able to break away from the doomed cycle whereby power delegation leads to market disorder which, in turn, leads to tighter control, thus ending the transformation efforts.
地方政府抓经济,很重要的一条,是为各类市场主体创造统一开放、公平竞争的发展环境,这也是加强管理服务职能的一个重要方面。今后地方政府原则上不要再直接投资办企业,地方政府直接办企业或直接干预企业生产经营,容易在当地形成投资、产业的垄断和市场封锁。多年来,全国统一开放的市场完善不起来,一个重要原因就是地方保护。对一个地方来说,应该是不求所有、但求所在。这是改革开放之初南方一些地区提出的理念,实践证明他们发展起来了。能够发展地方经济,增加就业,政府依法收税,这才是根本。地方政府抓经济,不是当“司机”,不是直接开车上路,而是要管好“路灯”和“红绿灯”,当好“警察”。“路灯”就是为所有的企业照亮道路,对所有的企业一视同仁,不厚此薄彼。“红绿灯”就是讲规则,该走则走、该停则停,也对所有企业一视同仁。当好“警察”,就是加强监管,对假冒伪劣、欺行霸市、坑蒙拐骗、侵犯知识产权,特别是对食品安全等领域损害人民生命健康的违法违规行为,要严惩不贷。这样,对于遵纪守法、诚信经营的企业才是公平的。如果监管不力,坑蒙拐骗之类的反而吃得香、走得开,就会出现“劣币驱逐良币”的现象。我们把更多精力放到这上面来,也是建立一个良好的市场环境,经济转型升级也会有一个良好的基础。
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