令我震惊的一个有象征意义的事实是,瑞银的名称“UBS什么都不代表。1998年瑞士银行公司(Swiss Bank Corporation)和瑞士联合银行(Union Bank of Switzerland)合并后,该集团的名称就仅仅是一串首字母。而为瑞银带来最大麻烦的投行部门,则是由华宝(SG Warburg)、普惠(Paine Webber)、迪伦里德(Dillon Read)几家银行拼凑而成的,始终缺乏一个统一的核心。
Again and again – in the 2008 financial crisis in which it lost $38bn on credit derivatives; in the scandal over tax evasion by private bank clients that led to a $780m fine; in its failure to stop Kweku Adoboli, the rogue trader who lost $2.3bn – the bank’s executives have been exposed as knowing little about what was going on below.
一次又一次的事件暴露出,瑞银高管们对下面发生了什么几乎一无所知:2008年金融危机中,瑞银在信用衍生品上亏损了380亿美元;私人银行客户逃税的丑闻令瑞银不得不支付7.80亿美元罚金;流氓交易员奎库·阿多博利(Kweku Adoboli)令瑞银亏损23亿美元,瑞银却无力阻止。
There is a broader lesson – that investment banking is a volatile business that demands strict management to prevent the kind of misbehaviour seen in the Libor affair. Instead, UBS led a group of banks that threw capital at it from the 1990s onwards without the expertise to control it.
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